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> This article is part of blog series VSTS, Xamarin and Continuous Integration. Why does it matter?
For Xamarin iOS projects it is recommended or rather required to have a machine that is running Mac OS or macOS as per new nomenclature. In order to build iOS apps, Xamarin requires Mac Agent to access iOS SDK, XCode compiler, interface builder, keychain certificates and provisioning profile configurations since Apple has not made those. Mar 21, 2020 Of course if you have a Mac or a Hackintosh you can download the full installer from the Apple App store, or build it using gib macOS’ BuildmacOSInstallApp.command. Also, while I have used Catalina and OpenCore here as examples, you can use gibMacOS to download other macOS versions, as well as Clover as the bootloader. MAC is the necessary element of the digital signal and image/audio processing system such as filtering, convolution and inner products hence high speed is crucial to develop for real processing applications. Many researchers have attempted in designing MAC for high computational performance and low power consumption.
When we set up build definitions in Visual Studio Team Services, we require a machine or a host (called Build agent) which will perform all the steps we define in build definitions. For Xamarin iOS projects it is recommended or rather required to have a machine that is running Mac OS or macOS as per new nomenclature.
Why? In order to build iOS apps, Xamarin requires Mac Agent to access iOS SDK, XCode compiler, interface builder, keychain certificates and provisioning profile configurations since Apple has not made those available for other platforms (Sad but we got to accept it).
There are two ways of getting your own build agent. First is to use third party provider like MacInCloud.com which cost you several dollars a month, other alternative is to setup your own build agent. Benefit of having your own build agent is you have total control over it and you can reuse it for other purposes while keeping build agent as a service in background.
This article will walk you through steps required for setting up your own build agent. While there are other tutorials (even on VSTS github) that walk you through the steps for setting up your own agent, there are several missing points in almost all the tutorials. I will try to cover them up.
Prerequisites
First things first, you will need a machine running Mac OSX (or later). Install following packages / applications -
- XCode
- Xamarin with iOS
- Homebrew (I will explain why we need this)
- NPM (For deploying packages in Hockey App)
- OpenSSL
Installing XCode
Install XCode from Mac app store (https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?ls=1&mt=12). If you want to stay on bleeding edge, dead over to https://developer.apple.com/download/ and download latest package and install it. I always recommend stable builds from Mac app store though.
Installing and Configuring Xamarin
Follow this article by Xamarin that demonstrates the setup and configuration of Xamarin on Mac OS - https://developer.xamarin.com/guides/ios/getting_started/installation/mac/
Installing Homebrew
What is Homebrew?
Homebrew is a package manager for Mac. It makes users' life easy with beautiful commands like brew install node
There are several packages that are required to be installed on build agent to be able to perform build steps hassle free. I could have shown you standard ways of installing these packages however if you are new user to Mac / Linux ecosystem you will find them quite difficult. Homebrew makes it easy like anything.
Copy this script -
/usr/bin/ruby -e '$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)' Open Terminal and paste the script.
Hit 'Return' when prompted and enter your user / system password (the script requires password for sudo access)
Wait for the script to do the magic, if all goes well. You will have Homebrew successfully installed on your machine.
Run brew list to confirm if homebrew is installed without any issue.
Install OpenSSL
VSTS agent requires proper OpenSSL version before it can be successfully installed on your machine. Following steps will install / update OpenSSL version on your machine -
Copy and paste these commands in Terminal -
brew install openssl will fetch latest OpenSSL package from internet and install it under usr/local (does not require sudo permission)
brew link openssl --force creates symlinks to installations you performed manually in Cellar. This allows you to have the flexibility to install things on your own but still have those participate as dependencies in homebrew formulas.
Install NPM
Copy and paste following commands in terminal -
Sit down and relax, brew a coffee maybe? To make sure you have Node and NPM installed, run two simple commands to see what version of each is installed: to see if Node is installed, type node -v and npm -v to see if NPM is installed in Terminal. Both the commands should print a version number of respective packages
Installing VSTS agent
1. Configure Account and Roles
- Create a PAT token - Follow this article (https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/docs/setup-admin/team-services/use-personal-access-tokens-to-authenticate) from Visual Studio to acquire PAT token. Copy it somewhere, you will need it in later installation phase.
2. Give user administrator rights
The user we are going to use while setting up VSTS agent requires 'administrative rights' to register a new tenant. Best blackjack in vegas 2018.
- Go to https://{tenantname}.visualstudio.com/admin
- Go to Agent pools, select pool from left panel and then select roles tab and add user you want to give 'Administrator' rights to -
> The role is only needed to register the agent. A token is downloaded to listen to the queue. When a build is run, it will generate an OAuth token for the scoped identity selected on the general tab of the build definition. That token is short lived and will be used to access resource in VSTS. The account used to register the agent has no bearing on the build run time credentials
3. Download agent from Github
Download latest package of VSTS agent from VSTS Agent Releases Github
4. Create a separate workspace for agent
- Open Terminal app and type following commands (you can customize folder names / paths as per your wish)
~/$ mkdir vstsagent && cd vstsagent ~/vstsagent tar xzf ~/Downloads/vsts-agent-osx.10.11-x64-2.102.1.tar.gz
Remember, if you have different **Downloads **folder, you need to change it in above command.
5. Install and Configure the agent
Slotomania slot machine on facebook. Run this command in terminal -
The script expects some inputs from user like
>> Connect: |
Enter server URL > https://{{your-tenant}}.visualstudio.com |
Enter authentication type (press enter for PAT) > |
Enter personal access token >**************************************************** |
Connecting to server .. |
Saving credentials.. |
>> Register Agent: |
Enter agent pool (press enter for default) > |
Enter agent name (press enter for mymachine) > myAgentName |
Scanning for tool capabilities. |
Connecting to the server. |
Successfully added the agent |
Enter work folder (press enter for _work) > |
2016-05-27 11:03:33Z: Settings Saved. |
Enter run agent as service? (Y/N) (press enter for N) > |
- Enter server URL - Your visualstudio.com tenant
- Enter authentication type (press enter for PAT) - Simply press Return or type PAT and hit return as we are using PAT as authentication method
- Enter personal access token - Paste PAT acquired in thisstep.
- Enter agent pool - Press enter / return for default or you can provide custom pool name if you have created.
- Enter agent name - This should pick up default machine name if pressed enter / return without entering anything. If you want to enter custom name, you can enter custom name at this point.
- Enter work folder - Default folder for _work. You can enter another name if you want to though.
- Enter run agent as service? (Y / N) - Default is N. However we would want this to be run as service so chose Y. If you have pressed enter without reading, don't worry. I will show you another way of starting agent as a daemon service.
6. Managing agent
Start agent interactively
Run this command
Start agent as a service / daemon
Install VSTS LaunchAgent service
Open terminal and copy following command to start VSTS as a service.
$ ./svc.sh install |
.. |
Creating runsvc.sh |
Creating .Service |
svc install complete |
Start VSTS agent
$ ./svc.sh start |
starting vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro |
status vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro: |
/Users/rahulpatil/Library/LaunchAgents/vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro.plist |
Started: |
25324 0 vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro: |
Stop VSTS agent
$ ./svc.sh stop |
stopping vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro |
status vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro: |
/Users/rahulpatil/Library/LaunchAgents/vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro.plist |
Stopped |
Check agent status
$ ./svc.sh status |
status vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro: |
/Users/rahulpatil/Library/LaunchAgents/vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro.plist |
Started: |
25324 0 vsts.agent.rahulpp.Rahuls-Macbook-Pro |
Once you successfully configure agent, you should see a folder structure similar to this -
]
Steps to confirm whether the build agent has successfully been configured with visualstudio.com tenant -
- Go to your tenant admin - https://{tenantname}.visualstudio.com/admin
- Go to Agent Pools
- Select Pool you selected while configuring agent (Default is Default)
- You should see the build agent for selected pool with capabilities -]
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You can now configure build and release definitions for Xamarin iOS or Mac applications on this build agent.
Questions, feedback or comments are welcome through Comments :-)
Thanks,RP
Turn on and set up FileVault
FileVault 2 is available in OS X Lion or later. When FileVault is turned on, your Mac always requires that you log in with your account password.
- Choose Apple menu () > System Preferences, then click Security & Privacy.
- Click the FileVault tab.
- Click , then enter an administrator name and password.
- Click Turn On FileVault.
If other users have accounts on your Mac, you might see a message that each user must type in their password before they will be able to unlock the disk. For each user, click the Enable User button and enter the user's password. User accounts that you add after turning on FileVault are automatically enabled.
Choose how you want to be able to unlock your disk and reset your password, in case you ever forget your password:
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- If you're using OS X Yosemite or later, you can choose to use your iCloud account to unlock your disk and reset your password.*
- If you're using OS X Mavericks, you can choose to store a FileVault recovery key with Apple by providing the questions and answers to three security questions. Choose answers that you're sure to remember.*
- If you don't want to use iCloud FileVault recovery, you can create a local recovery key. Keep the letters and numbers of the key somewhere safe—other than on your encrypted startup disk.
If you lose both your account password and your FileVault recovery key, you won't be able to log in to your Mac or access the data on your startup disk.
Encryption occurs in the background as you use your Mac, and only while your Mac is awake and plugged in to AC power. You can check progress in the FileVault section of Security & Privacy preferences. Any new files that you create are automatically encrypted as they are saved to your startup disk.
When FileVault setup is complete and you restart your Mac, you will use your account password to unlock your disk and allow your Mac to finish starting up. FileVault requires that you log in every time your Mac starts up, and no account is permitted to log in automatically.
Reset your password or change your FileVault recovery key
If you forget your account password or it doesn't work, you might be able to reset your password.
If you want to change the recovery key used to encrypt your startup disk, turn off FileVault in Security & Privacy preferences. You can then turn it on again to generate a new key and disable all older keys.
Turn off FileVault
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If you no longer want to encrypt your startup disk, you can turn off FileVault:
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- Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Security & Privacy.
- Click the FileVault tab.
- Click , then enter an administrator name and password.
- Click Turn Off FileVault.
Decryption occurs in the background as you use your Mac, and only while your Mac is awake and plugged in to AC power. You can check progress in the FileVault section of Security & Privacy preferences.
Learn more
- Learn how to create and deploy a FileVault recovery key for Mac computers in your company, school, or other institution.
- If you're using FileVault in Mac OS X Snow Leopard, you can upgrade to FileVault 2 by upgrading to OS X Lion or later. After upgrading OS X, open FileVault preferences and follow the onscreen instructions to upgrade FileVault.
- RAID partitions or non-standard Boot Camp partitions on the startup drive might prevent OS X from installing a local Recovery System. Without a Recovery System, FileVault won't encrypt your startup drive. Learn more.
* If you store your recovery key with Apple or your iCloud account, there's no guarantee that Apple will be able to give you the key if you lose or forget it. Not all languages and regions are serviced by AppleCare or iCloud, and not all AppleCare-serviced regions offer support in every language. If you set up your Mac for a language that AppleCare doesn't support, then turn on FileVault and store your key with Apple (OS X Mavericks only), your security questions and answers could be in a language that AppleCare doesn't support.